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  GENERAL INFORMATION BLOW ROOM

    Introduction

 To enable fiber to be transported and stored economically, it must be compressed into bales. It is important that the fiber in the bales be allowed to relax before the spinning plant can process it. The pressure must be released so that the bales can “bloom”, that is, expand to a stable height. Additionally, the fiber should be given time to absorb moisture so as to be tough enough to withstand the actions of the subsequent processes.

   Functions of the blow room

    Opening

    The need for opening

•  To clean, mix and blend fibers they have to be brought into the smallest aggregate form. The baled material has to re-opened and fed in small tufts as part of the overall preparation process.

Only well opened material can be effectively cleaned,

• To enable the fibers to be blended they must be thoroughly opened,
• To prepare the fibers for the carding and subsequent operations they must opened to the point where there will be minimal fiber damage.

 

   Opening methods

 Opening to an excellent degree is usually performed using a combination of feed roll / feed plate to hold the cotton while it is opened in very small sections by means of a wire wound cylinder, ingot bat or blade batter. Is. Cleaning can be done at each stage of opening.

The cotton has to be opened more than once because the trash is only removed from the surface of the splint and several opening steps are required to expose all the trash.

In the blow room cotton tuft size vary from 5 mg to not more than 150 mg.

Throughout the processing steps in the spinning plant the density of the fiber assembly changes in the following way:

 

Processing step	Density
In the bale	0.30 - 0.70 g/ cm3
In mixer or blender	0.10 g/ cm3
In the sliver can	0.10 g/ cm3
On the roving bobbin	0.25 - 0.35 g/ cm3
Yarn on the bobbin	0.50 g/ cm3

 

    Observations about fiber opening

•  Opening and cleaning machines should constitute a unit, so that the tuft surfaces are cleaned before they are consolidated in the transportation system,
•  Opening must be performed effectively with the least number of machines,
•  More than four opening operations, prior to carding, will usually not improve the fiber quality. Excessive opening increases the number of neps in the cotton.
•  Feeding tufts in “free motion” permits cleaning but no opening
•  Feeding the material in a firmly held state is used for intensive opening.
•  Pins, spikes and teeth open fibers more effectively than bars or slats.
•  The higher the degree of opening in the blow room, the cleaner can be the material fed to the card and consequently a cleaner sliver is produced.
•  The material flow rates through each machine in the blow room should be adjusted to minimize standing time waiting to feed the next machine. The machines should run between 85% and 90% of the time,